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A radar records distance by measuring the time it takes for a signal to travel from the radar to an object and back again. There are a number of different ways to do this with a radar, each using the same basic principle:

A signal with a recognisable pattern is transmitted at an object. Any echo from the object contains a copy of this pattern. By comparing the echo pattern with the original transmission, the time for the echo trip can be measured. The distance is calculated by multiplying that time by the speed of the radar signal which is the speed of light (300,000,000 metres per second). The echo time is tiny: one millionth of a second along a football pitch!





'Vision For The Future' is an EPSRC funded project run by the MMW group at the University of St Andrews
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